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Japan 2011 Tsunami and Earthquake Effects

• The effects of this tragic event are:
• On March the 11th of 2011, a magnitude 9 earthquake shook Japan.
• This was felt from Norway through to Antarctica.
• Tsunami debris continues to wash up on North American beaches to this day. 

• Fukushima Power plant suffered a level 7 nuclear meltdown after the tsunami.
• Two years after the quake, 300 000 people are still living in temporary homes because they lost theirs.
• The earthquake only lasted 5 minutes but caused so much damage.
• The tsunami only happened 20 minutes later so people had little time to escape with their lives even with a warning system.
• The tsunami went over the 10m wall in Japan because some of it sunk into the ground because there was so much pressure.
• The unexpected disaster was neither the largest nor deadliest earthquake and tsunami to strike this century. That record goes to the 2004 Banda-Aceh earthquake and tsunami in Sumatra, a magnitude-9.1, which killed more than 230,000 people. But Japan's one-two punch proved especially devastating for the earthquake-savvy country, because few scientists had predicted the country would experience such a large earthquake and tsunami.
  Japan's scientists had predicted a smaller earthquake would strike the northern region of Honshu, the country's main island. Nor did they expect such a large tsunami. But there had been hints of the disaster to come. The areas flooded in 2011 closely matched those of a tsunami that hit Sendai in 869. In the decade before the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, a handful of Japanese geologists had begun to recognize that a large earthquake and tsunami had struck the northern Honshu region in 869. However, their warnings went unheeded by officials responsible for the country's earthquake hazard assessments. Now, tsunami experts from around the world have been asked to assess the history of past tsunamis in Japan, to better predict the country's future earthquake risk.
  

  The cause

  The 2011 Tohoku earthquake struck offshore of Japan, along a subduction zone where two of Earth's tectonic plates collide. In a subduction zone, one plate slides beneath another into the mantle, the hotter layer beneath the crust. The great plates stick and slip, causing earthquakes. East of Japan, the Pacific plate dives beneath the overriding Eurasian plate. The temblor completely released centuries of built up stress between the two tectonic plates, a recent study found.
  The earthquake started on a Friday at 2:46 p.m. local time (5:46 a.m. UTC). It was centered on the seafloor 45 miles (72 kilometers) east of Tohoku, at a depth of 20 miles (32 km) below the surface. The shaking lasted about six minutes.
  - See more at: http://www.livescience.com/39110-japan-2011-earthquake-tsunami-facts.html#sthash.zyKtaEfU.dpuf
   More than 1,000 aftershocks hit Japan after the earthquake, the largest a magnitude 9.
• About 250 miles of Japan's main island of Honshu moved eastward by 8 feet from the jolt.
• The Pacific plate slid westward near the epicenter by 79 feet.
• The tsunami broke Icebergs off the Sulzberger Ice shelf in Antarctica.
• It happened at 12:46 and killed 19,000 people.
• Areas as far away as Chile and the USA reported a tsunami surge over 6 feet.
• By the time the tsunami reached Hawaii it was so small.
  
  The unexpected disaster was neither the largest nor deadliest earthquake and tsunami to strike this century. That record goes to the 2004 Banda-Aceh earthquake and tsunami in Sumatra, a magnitude-9.1, which killed more than 230,000 people. But Japan's one-two punch proved especially devastating for the earthquake-savvy country, because few scientists had predicted the country would experience such a large earthquake and tsunami.
  Japan's scientists had predicted a smaller earthquake would strike the northern region of Honshu, the country's main island. Nor did they expect such a large tsunami. But there had been hints of the disaster to come. The areas flooded in 2011 closely matched those of a tsunami that hit Sendai in 869. In the decade before the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, a handful of Japanese geologists had begun to recognize that a large earthquake and tsunami had struck the northern Honshu region in 869. However, their warnings went unheeded by officials responsible for the country's earthquake hazard assessments. Now, tsunami experts from around the world have been asked to assess the history of past tsunamis in Japan, to better predict the country's future earthquake risk.
  

  The cause

  The 2011 Tohoku earthquake struck offshore of Japan, along a subduction zone where two of Earth's tectonic plates collide. In a subduction zone, one plate slides beneath another into the mantle, the hotter layer beneath the crust. The great plates stick and slip, causing earthquakes. East of Japan, the Pacific plate dives beneath the overriding Eurasian plate. The temblor completely released centuries of built up stress between the two tectonic plates, a recent study found.
  The earthquake started on a Friday at 2:46 p.m. local time (5:46 a.m. UTC). It was centered on the seafloor 45 miles (72 kilometers) east of Tohoku, at a depth of 20 miles (32 km) below the surface. The shaking lasted about six minutes.
  - See more at: http://www.livescience.com/39110-japan-2011-earthquake-tsunami-facts.html#sthash.zyKtaEfU.dpuf

In Japan, residents are still recovering from the disaster. Radioactive water was recently discovered leaking from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, which suffered a level 7 nuclear meltdown after the tsunami. Japan relies on nuclear power, and many of the country's nuclear reactors remain closed because of stricter seismic safety standards since the earthquake. Two years after the quake, about 300,000 people who lost their homes were still living in temporary housing, the Japanese government said. - See more at: http://www.livescience.com/39110-japan-2011-earthquake-tsunami-facts.html#sthash.RfkwIkLG.dpuf

In Japan, residents are still recovering from the disaster. Radioactive water was recently discovered leaking from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, which suffered a level 7 nuclear meltdown after the tsunami. Japan relies on nuclear power, and many of the country's nuclear reactors remain closed because of stricter seismic safety standards since the earthquake. Two years after the quake, about 300,000 people who lost their homes were still living in temporary housing, the Japanese government said. - See more at: http://www.livescience.com/39110-japan-2011-earthquake-tsunami-facts.html#sthash.RfkwIkLG.dpuf

On March 11, 2011, a magnitude-9 earthquake shook northeastern Japan, unleashing a savage tsunami.
The effects of the great earthquake were felt around the world, from Norway's fjords to Antarctica's ice sheet. Tsunami debris continues to wash up on North American beaches two years later.
- See more at: http://www.livescience.com/39110-japan-2011-earthquake-tsunami-facts.html#sthash.RfkwIkLG.dpuf

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On March 11, 2011, a magnitude-9 earthquake shook northeastern Japan, unleashing a savage tsunami.
The effects of the great earthquake were felt around the world, from Norway's fjords to Antarctica's ice sheet. Tsunami debris continues to wash up on North American beaches two years later.
- See more at: http://www.livescience.com/39110-japan-2011-earthquake-tsunami-facts.html#sthash.VmWjcwso.dpuf

On March 11, 2011, a magnitude-9 earthquake shook northeastern Japan, unleashing a savage tsunami.
The effects of the great earthquake were felt around the world, from Norway's fjords to Antarctica's ice sheet. Tsunami debris continues to wash up on North American beaches two years later.
- See more at: http://www.livescience.com/39110-japan-2011-earthquake-tsunami-facts.html#sthash.VmWjcwso.dpuf